WASHINGTON DC – The US National
Security Agency has had its wings clipped a bit. On Tuesday,
the US Senate approved the USA
Freedom Act, legislation that will curtail the federal government’s sweeping
surveillance of millions of Americans’ phone records. Later in the
day, President Barack Obama signed the bill into law.
The
legislation, which was passed by a 67-32 vote, revises a controversial national
security policy put in place by the Patriot Act after the September 11, 2001,
terrorist attacks, CNET.Com reported. Already heated debate over the programs authorized by the
Patriot Act intensified in 2013 after former NSA contractor Edward Snowden
leaked documents detailing the ways in which the secretive US government agency
was collecting data.
The leaked
documents revealed that, among other things, the NSA was collecting records on
nearly every phone call placed in the US and then comparing that against known
contact information of possible terrorists. Through the program, the NSA
collects metadata – including what phone numbers were on the call, when the
call was placed and how long it lasted – and saved that in a database.
The bill had
the support of a bipartisan coalition of lawmakers and a host of tech
companies, and had the support of the president.
“Glad
the Senate finally passed the USA Freedom Act,” Obama wrote
in a tweet after the vote. “It protects civil liberties and our
national security. I’ll sign it as soon as I get it.”
The House of
Representatives overwhelmingly passed a similar measure last month.
The Freedom Act
requires federal agencies to seek a court order on a case-by-case basis to
obtain call data from telephone companies. Critics have said a new legal
process would be too slow and would hamper the NSA’s counterterrorism efforts.
Reform supporters, however, havechallenged claims about the current program’s effectiveness in preventing
terror attacks and have said the reform bill would help ensure individual
liberties.
Microsoft,
among a handful of tech giants fighting for greater transparency after being implicated
as a participant in the NSA’s controversial data collection programs,
applauded the vote.
“We
commend Congress for taking action to reform government surveillance
practices,” Microsoft general counsel Brad Smith said in a statement. “Today’s vote by the Senate on the USA
Freedom Act will help to restore the balance between protecting public safety
and preserving civil liberties.”
Google also
voiced its support. “While most of the focus has been on ending the bulk
telephony metadata program under Section 215 of the Patriot Act, there are
other meaningful reforms in the bill for Internet users. The USA Freedom Act
shuts the door to the bulk collection of Internet metadata under a separate
legal authority that the government relied upon in the past to collect Internet
metadata in bulk,” said Susan Molinari, vice president of Americas public policy and
government relations, in a blog post. “The USA Freedom Act
additionally prevents bulk collection of Internet metadata through the issuance
of National Security Letters. Not all of these legal authorities expired on
June 1, and we are pleased that Congress took the initiative to prevent the
bulk collection of Internet metadata under these legal authorities.”
The vote was
a “milestone,” according to ACLU Deputy Legal Director Jameel Jaffer.
“This is the most important surveillance reform bill since 1978, and its
passage is an indication that Americans are no longer willing to give the
intelligence agencies a blank check,” he said.





